Cash-register.



No. 835,348. A PATENTED NOV. 6, 1906. T. H. BLAIR.

CASH REGISTER. APPLIGATION FILED nn0.1'1.7 19oo.

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CASH REGISTER.

PPLIcATIoN FILED 1320.17, moo.

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PATENTED NOV. 6, 1906.

T. H'. BLAIR. CASH RBGrlSI'ER.y

APPLICATION FILED DEO. 11, 1900.

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T. H. BLAIR.

CASH REGISTER.

APPLIUATION FILED DBO. 17, 1900.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS H. BLAIR, OF NORTHBORO, MASSACHUSETTS, .ASSIGNOR TO WHITINGMANUFACTURING COMPANY` OF NORTHBORO, MASSA? CHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OFMASSACHUSETTS.

CASH-REGISTER.

lSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nom-6, 1906.

Application filed December 17, 1900. Serial No. 40.081.

To all whom t nuty concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAs H. BLAIR, a citizen of the United States,residing at Northboro, in the county of Worcester and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Cash-Register, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates especially to that class of cash-registers inwhich transactions are registered by means of separate checks, which areex osed to view forv the purpose of exhibiting tiie amount of thetransaction registered.

The primary object of this invention is to provide anautomatically-registering checkoperated cash-register which willautomatic? ally add together amounts designated by independent checkswhich are successively inserted into the machine to keep a record of thetotal amount of transactions represented by said successive checks-thatis to say, the primary obj ect of this invention is to provide acheck-operated cash register which is equally automatic in action andwhich will make an equally accurate record of the total amount oftransactions as the more complicated and expensive cash-registers whichare controlled bykeyboards instead of being controlled by independentchecks.

In addition to constructing a check-o erated cash-register so that thesame Wil be equally, automatic with other forms of cash registers` asecondary or further object of this invention is to provide acashregister which will not only keep a record of the total l amount oftransactions, but which is also provided with a paper winding or reelingdevice, providing a band yor strip upon which -a note of eachtransaction should be written by the person operating the machine, whichband or strip 1s automatically fed lor advanced at each recordingoperation of they cash-register, so that the amount of sales and*character thereof can be checked or verified, not only by the amountsindicated by the registering and adding mechanisms of thecash-register,A but also by the detail memw oranda or notes which aremade upon 'the memorandum-band.

To accomplish these results and to provide a form of cash-register whichmay be locked' up and rendered ino erativewhen desired and which isprovide with safety devices foriI preventing the same from beingimproperly operated, this invention consists of the parts 5 5 andcombinations of parts, as hereinafter described, and more particularlypointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

In the accompanying four sheets of drawings, Figure 1 is a perspectiveview of a cash- 6o register constructed according to this inf vention,showing the manner in which the checks are inserted into the machine.Fig. 2 is asimilar view illustrating the position of the parts when thechecks are moved forward to expose them to view and unlock thecashdrawer. Fig. 3 is an enlarged front view of the machine, having thehinged front thereof turned up to expose the main operative parts of theregister. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan 7o view of the machine. Fig. 5 isa transverse sectional view thereof, taken o'n the line 5 of Fig. 3.Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6 of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is afragmentary perspective view of the no-sale key and of .the slide whichcontrols the same or locks the machine to render it inoperative whendesired. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating theratchet mechanism for preventing the check-carrier from being re- 8oversed before it has moved to the extreme limit of its forward travel.Fig. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating one of the checksand the registering mechanism controlled thereby. Fig. l() is a'perspective 8 5 view illustrating the construction for pref j, venting acheck from being inserted into the machine in an inverted or upside-downposition g and Figs. 1l to 13, inclusive, are diagrammatic viewsillustrating the operation 5o of the parts for slacking off or unwindingthe memorandum-strip. Q Referring to the accompanying drawings and indetail, the cash-register herein-illustrated comprises a casing or frameA, and mounted in the lower part of the casing A` is a cash-drawer B.`As shown in Fig. 5, the i' cash-drawer B is provided with a coiledspring C, normally tending to `open the same, and below the cash-drawerB is abell Ico D, which is sounded by any of the usual conx nections asthe cash-drawer flies open. The Acasing A is provided with a hingedfront E,

having glazed openings therein for exposing the checks to view for thepurposepf'exhibit- 1o 5 ingy the 'amounts of thesuccessivetrai isae-,i

tions as they are registered. The hinged front E may be held down inplace by a removable drawer or trough F, said parts being arranged sothat by locking the drawer or trough F no access can be had to theinside of the machine, while by removing said drawer or trough F thefront of the machine may be turned up, as illustrated in Fig. 3, topermit the operative parts to be inspected and the amounts indicated bythe adding devices determined and compared in the ordinary manner.Opening into the upper part of the casing A are a number ofcheck-receiving guideways G. As illustrated most clearly in Fig. 6, eachof the check-receiving guideways G 1s preferably cut out in the form ofa finger-hole and is provided with an inclined front edge or cam-plate16, arranged so that each check passing forward under said cam-platewill be forced down into the proper position in its check-carrier.

The operative parts of the cash-register herein illustrated comprise amain operatingshaft 10, which may be turned or oscillated by a handle 11at the side of the machine. As illustrated in Fig. 6, the main shaft 1()is provided with gears 13, which mesh with and engage racls extendingdown from blocks 14, which constitute the check-carrier for carrying thechecks forward from the position in which they are inserted into thecheck-guideways G to position exposing them to view at the front of themachine for the purpose of exhibiting the amount of the transactionregistered. Each of the blocks 14 is provided with one or more sets ofspring-fingers 15 for holding the checks in position at the front endthereof. The blocks 14 are preferably rounded or chamfered at theirlower corners, as indicated at 34 in Fig. 8, and the cells or ways inwhich said blocks 14 are mounted are rovided with correspondingfilled-in or solidp corners, as indicated at 35 in Fig. 10. rlhe form ofcheck preferably employed is also most clearly illustrated in Fig. 10.As shown in this figure, each check is preferably chamfered or madenarrower at its lower end, so that the strip or filled-in corner 35 willprevent a check from being inserted into the machine in an inverted orupside-down position, as indicated by dotted lines. The checksdesignating various amounts are slotted at their bottoms to differentdepths or otherwise notched, checks indicating smaller amounts havingnotches or slots which are longer than checks designating largeramounts. As the checks are carried by the check-carrier each check willactuate a small adding or registering mechanism R. The adding orregistering mechanisms R may be of any of the ordinary or preferredconstructions, which need not be herein illustrated or described atlength. The connections for operating said registers by means of a checkare most clearly illustrated in Fig. 9. As shown in this figure,

a shaft 17 extends from a register R and is provided at its end with apinion 18, meshing with a sector 19, which is secured on a springpressedrock-shaft 20. Extending up into the path of a check from the rock-shaft2O is a finger or arm 21, said parts being arranged so that the extentto which the arm 21 will be turned or rocked, and hence the extent towhich the register R will be actuated, will vary according to the depthof the notch or recess in the bottom of the check.

As a check continues to move forward after it has operated itsregistering mechanism it will next act to release the cash-drawer, so asto permit the same to fly open. The connections employed for thispurpose are most clearly illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. As shown in thesefigures, the cash-drawer B is provided at its front with a detent orcatch 22, which is normally engaged by a bell-crank or L-shapedspring-catch 23. The upright leg of the spring-catch 23 extends up inposition to be engaged by an operating-arm 24, extending down from arock-shaft 25. The rock-shaft 25 is provided with a number ofoperating-sections or fingers 26, which extend up into the path of thechecks, the 1ingers 26 being also preferably arranged to engage the rearfaces of the checks, and when the check-carrier is again moved back thefingers 26 will act as strippers for releasing the checks from thesprings or clips 15, permitting the 'checks to drop down into the draweror trough F at the front of the machine from which they may be picked upand used again as soon as desired.

The ratchet mechanism for preventing the machine from being improperlyoperated by reversing the check-carrier before the same has been movedto the forward end of its travel is most clearly illustrated in Fig. 8.As shown in this figure, one block 14 of the check-carrier is providedwith a pawl 27 having a spring 28 engaging the same. l/Vhile thecheck-carrier is moving forward the pawl 27 engages ratchet-teeth 29 andis held down into mesh therewith by a spring-plate 31, which rests uponand bears on a finger 30 at one side of the pawl 27, while thecheck-carrier is moving forward. The spring-plate 31 is fastened orriveted in place only at its rear end. When the check-carrier reachesthe forward end of its travel, the finger 3() rides up over a cam or lug32 and passes out from under the spring-plate 31, so that thecheckcarrier can then be reversed, the finger 3() then riding on top ofthe spring-plate 31, which now serves as a guide to hold the pawl up outof engagement with the ratchet-teeth until the check-carrier is movedback to its checkreceiving position, so that when the checkcarrier isagain moved forward the finger 30 will pass under a turned-up guido ofthe spring-plate 31, repeating the operation just described. When theblocks 14 are in their IOO IIO

forward or check-exposing position, they will close the check-receivingguideways Gr, preventing any instrument from being inserted therein toopen the cash-drawer.

In the use of this form of cash-register it has sometimes been objectedthat when the check-carrier is in its retracted or check-receivingposition the check-receiving guideways are then open, so that someinstrument might be inserted. to release the cash-drawer without. theuse of a check. To prevent this from happening, the main operating-shaftof the machine is preferably provided with a locking-arm or sector 36,as shown most clearly in Fig. 5, which will turn to the positionindicated by dotted lines when the check-carrier is retracted and willengage behind the spring-catch 23, so as to fasten this catch andprevent the same from being released at this time.

By means of the construction thus far described in detail an .accuraterecord will be automatically kept of the amounts designated by thechecks successively inserted into the machine, and the checks themselves'will be used, first, to operate thev adding devices; second, to releasethe cash-drawer,

and, third, to exhibit the amounts of the successive transactions asthey are registered. In addition to a record of this kind in some placesit is desirable to keep a note or memorandum of the character of eachsale. To'permit this to bel done, a machine constructed according tothis invention may be provided with paper winding or reeling devices,and such a construction is illustrated in Fig. 5. As shown in thisfigure, 37 designates a supply roll or spool, which may be looselysupported or journaled in the machine in any desired manner.l From thespool 37 a strip of paper passes up through a slot in the top of thecasing A thence under a guide bar or tension-strip 87, which acts as abrake to prevent thepaper from being wound up by the reeling devices,hereinafter referred to, except such part thereof as shall have beenpositively slacked or drawn up from the roll 37 under the guide ortension bar 87. The bar S7 is held in place and maybe adjusted by screws38. paper band or strip passes down through a slot in the casing andpreferably passes under a glass plate 39, through which the memoranda ornotes written thereon can be read after having been moved forward, butbefore the strip is wound or reeled up onto the windingspool 4l. Theconstruction employed for positively drawing or unwinding the paper fromthe supply-spool 37 consists of two or more guide rolls or rods S and T,secured in the casing of the machine, and a traveling looper or rod 40,carried by the check-carrier. Secured on the main shaft 10 is a groovedpulley 43, and passing around the grooved pulley 43 andthe winding-upspool 41 is a friction belt or band 44, the friction-band 44 bel The ingpreferably formed by a coiled wire spring. A ratchet and pawl 42 preventthe windingup roll 41 from turning backward, and the tension of thefriction-belt 44 is regulated so as to be sufficient to wind up theloose paper which is slacked off or drawnf rom the supplyspool 37, afterwhich the belt or friction-band 44 will slip upon its pulleys withoutexerting suflicient pull to draw the paper from its supply-spool 37. Theguide rods or rolls S and ,T and the looper or rod 40 are preferablyarranged so that by leading the paper around the same in differentdirections the amount of paper drawn from the roll and used at eachoperation of the machine may be varied. The operation of these parts ismost clearly illustrated in Figs. l1, l2, and 13. As shown in Fig. ll,'if the paper after passing around the looper or rod 40 is carriedaround the rod or roll S, and thence to the winding-up roll 41, acomparatively short loop L will be slacked or drawn off when thecheck-carrier moves forward, while if the paper after passing around thelooper 40 is carried around the rod or guide T, as illustrated in Fig.l2, a considerably longer loop L of paper will be drawn forward. Byincreasing the number of rodsor guides employed still further variationsmay be made in the amount of paper which is slacked off or drawn fromthe supply-roll by the looper 40 to be subsequently wound up by thefrictional winding mechanism referred to. In connection with thismemorandum band o r strip a cash-register constructed according to thisinvention may, if desired, be provided with a second paper roll, fromwhich bills or invoices may be torn and given to the purchaser, ifdesired.

Referring to Fig. 5, the machine, as herein illustrated, is providedwith a second supplyspool or paper roll 370, from which the strip ofpaper W may be led under the rod or bar 87, so that the end thereof willlie on top of the memorandum band or strip. Interposed between the paperor strip l/V, which is to be torn off and given to the customer, and thememorandum-band is a piece of carbon or transfer paper, which is soarranged that it will reproduce upon the memorandum-strip the items ornotes which are written on the bill or paper W, which can then be tornoft` and given to the customer, so that by means of this construction acash-register will be provided which will keep an autographic record ofthe bills or purchase-slips given to the customer.

To permit the machine to be operated when no sale is to be registered,the machine may, if desired, be provided with no-:ale checks of suitableconstruction to simply operate the drawer-releasing connections withoutoperating the registering or adding mechanisms. When a machineconstructed according to this invention is provided with amemorandum-band or paper-winding mechan- IOO ilo

ism or when it is desired to know how often the cash-drawer has beenopened without recording a sale, it is not usually desirable to useno-sale checks, as the use of such checks will leave no record, exceptblank spaces on the paper-strip, and on this account it is preferable toprovide the cash-register with a no-sale key, having a separate registeror counter for indicating the number of times the no-sale key isoperated to open the machine without registering a sale or transaction.The specific form of no-sale key which is preferably employed is mostclearly illustrated in Fig. 7 As shown in this figure, a key or lever45, normally drawn back by a spring, is provided with a pin or -finger46 for engaging an operating arm or finger 47, extending up from thedrawer-releasing rock-shaft 25, before referred to, so that by movingthe key or lever 45 forward the cash-drawer will be released withoutoperating the check-carrier. At its lower end the no-sale key or lever45 is connected by links 48 and 49 to operate a register or counter R',which registers the number of times the no-sale key is actuated. Theoperation of the no-ale key 45 is preferably controlled by a transverseslide 50, carrying a conspicuous sign 51 for indicating to a purchaseror one watching the operation of the machine that no sale is beingrecorded. The signal or sign 51, which is carried by the slide 50, isarranged in front of a hinged signboard H, which has printed thereon inabbreviated form the words amount of sale, which, when the sign 51 ismoved to the right, will read. no sale. Referring again to Fig. 7, theslide 50 is provided with an operatinghandle or finger-piece 52 and witha slot 53, which will receive the no-sale key when the slide slide 50 ismoved in position to permit the said key to be operated.. In addition tocontrolling the operation of the no-sale key the slide 50 is alsopreferably provided with an attachment for controlling the operation ofthe check-carrier and is also arranged to coperate with a lock when itis desired to lock up the machine to prevent the operation either of the11o-sale key or check-carrier. To control the operation of thecheck-carrier, the slide 50 is provided with a downwardly-extending'projection or finger 54, which is arranged to engage above a plate 55,carried by a 'linger extending' from the main operatingshaft 10 of themachine. By means of this construction when the finger-piece 52 is movedto its extreme position to the left, as indicated in Fig. 4, the mainoperating-shaft, and hence the check-carrier, will be left free tooperate, while when the finger-piece 52 is moved to its limit of travelto the right the check-carrier may be locked or held. from moving, andthe no-sale key will be left free to be operated. l/Vhile if thefingerpiece 52 is set to an intermediate or central position both. theno-sale key and the check-carrier will be prevented from being operated,and by locking the slide 5() by means of a bolt 57, controlled by anordinary lock 58, any operation of the machine whatever will beabsolutely prevented.

The operation of the various parts of the machine have been so fullydescribed in describing their construction that a description of theoperation of the machine as a whole is believed to be unnecessary.Y

In this application for patent I do not intend to claim broadly the formofcheck-carrier which I have herein shown and. described, as .in aprevious United States Patent No. 676,216, granted to me June 11, 1901,I have shown a construction employing a similar check-carrier in acheck-controlled register which does not automatically add the amountsindicated by the checks, the especial object of this invention, so faras the operating mechanism of the cash-register is concerned, being torender the machine as nearly automatic as possible by providing acheck-operated cash-register which will expose the checks to view toexhibit the amounts of transactions registered and. which willautomatically add together the amounts of successive transactions.

Many changes may be made in the construction of cash-registers by thosewho are skilled. in the art and. various features of the machine hereindescribed may be omitted or used in different relations withoutdeparting from the scope of this invention as expressed in the claims.It is not desired, therefore, to be limited to the specific constructionherein shown and described but What it is desired to cover, and secureby Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a cash-register, the combination of a check, a check-carrier formoving the checks from the position in which they are inserted into themachine to position exposing them to view for the purpose of exhibitingthe amount of the transaction registered, an adding-register, andconnections controlled by the checks for operating the adding-register,and for then releasing the cash-drawer, substantially as described.

2. In a cash-register, the combination of a check, a check-receivingguideway, a checkcarrier for moving the checks from the position inwhich they are inserted. into the machine to position exposing them toview, an adding-register', and operating connections therefor,comprising a nger extending up into the path of the checks as the sameare moved by the check-carrier so as to be turned or moved differentdistances depending upon the configuration of successive checks,substantially as described.

3. In a cash-register, the combination of a check, a check-receivingguideway, a reciproeating or sliding check-carrier for carrying IOO thechecks from the position in which they are insertedinto the machine toposition exposing them to view, an operating-shaft and handle forreciprocating said check-carrier, an adding-register, a rock-shaftgeared to operate said adding-register and an operating arm or iingerextending up from said rockshaft into the path traversed by the checks,and arranged to be moved different distances thereby depending on theconiiguration of said checks, or the depth to which the same areslotted, substantially as described.

4. In a cash-register, the combination of a check, a plurality ofcheck-receiving guideways, a check-carrier for moving the checks intothe machine to position exposing them tov view, a cash-drawer, aspring-catch holdposition, a rock-shaft connected to operate said catch,and a plurality of arms or lingers extending from said rock-shaft intothe paths of the checks, substantially as described.

5. In a cash-register, the combination of a plurality of check-receivingguideways, a sliding check-carrier having spring-clips for ating thecheck-carrier to carry the checks from the position in which they areinserted into the machine to position exposing them to view, acash-drawer, a spring-catch for .locking the cash-drawer, a rock-shaftconnected to release the spring-catch, and a plurality of arms oriingers extending from the rock-shaft into the paths of the checks so asto be operated by the checks, and to then engage behind the checks andact as strippers for releasing the checks from the check-carrier whenthe same is moved back to its check-receiving position, substantially asdescribed.

6. As articles of manufacture, a series of checks for operatingcash-registers having slots in their lower ends varying in length withthe values designated by said checks, and having rounded or chamieredlower corners coperating with pieces or abutments in a receiving-slotfor preventing said checks from being inserted into a cash-register inan inverted or upside-down position, substantially as described.

7. In a cash-register, the combination of' a check, a check-receivingguideway havin a finger-socket containing an inclined meta lic plate,and a sliding check-carrier cooperating with said guideway, said partsbeing arranged so that the cam-plate will act to seat each checkcompletely within the checkcarrier as it is moved forward by thecheckcarrier to expose the same to view, substantially as described.

8. In a cash-register, the combination of a guideway, a sliding carrier,a pawl carried thereby, and a spring-plate fastened or riveted in placeat one end so as to hold the pawl into mesh with ratchet-teeth when thecari rier is moved in one direction, and permitting i the carrier topass from under the same when y the carrier reaches the end of itstravel, so as to be supported out of mesh with the ratchetteeth when thecarrier is moved back to its receiving position, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a cash-register, the combination of a rier is in its receivingposition, substantially as described. from the position in which theyare inserted 1 10. In a cash-register, the combination of checks, acheck-receiving guideway, a sliding blocl forming a check-carrier whichcloses ing the cash-drawer in its locked or closed the check-receivingguideway except at a time when the check-carrier is in itscheckreceiving osition, a cash-drawer, check-controlled re easingconnections for the cashdrawer, and means for locking thecashdrawer-releasing conn ections when the checkcarrier is in itscheck-receiving position, subl I stantially as described. receiving thechecks, connections for actul1. The combination of a check, acheckcontrolled cash-register, comprising a checkmemorandum strip orband, and connections for automatically feeding or advancing thememorandum strip .or band when the machine is actuated to register atransaction,

- substantially as described.

l2. In a cash-register, the combination of checks, a check-receivingguideway, a checkcarrier for moving the checks from the position inwhich they are inserted into the machine to position exposing them toview for the purpose of exhibiting the amount of the transactionregistered, a memorandum band or strip, means for slacking or drawingthe memorandum-strip from od of its supply- IOO spool when thecheck-carrier is moved in one l direction, and a rictional windingmechanism for winding u the memorandum-strip on a winding-spoo when thecheck-carrier moves in the opposite direction, substantially asdescribed.

13. In a cash-register, the combination of a guideway, a slidingcarrier, a memorandum band or strip, guide rods or rolls, a looping rodor roll carried by the carrier and coperating with the guide rods orrolls to slack off the desired length of paper from the supplyspool ofthe memorandum-strip when the carrier is moved in one direction, awindingup spool, a ratchet mechanism for preventing the winding-up spoolfrom turning backward, and a frictional driving-belt for turning thewinding-spool to wind up the slackedof paper Whenthecarrier is movingback to its receiving position, substantially as described.

14. In a cash-register provided with a check receiving guideway, inwhich the checks are irst inserted, and are afterward exposed to viewfor the purpose of exhibiting the amount of the transaction registered,the combination of checks, an adding device, connections controlled bythe checks successively inserted into the machine for operating theadding device, and for releasing the cash-drawer, and a no-sale keyconnected to release the cash-drawer without requiring the insertion ofa check into the machine, or the operation of the adding device,substantially as described.

15. In a cash-register provided with a check receiving guideway, inwhich the checks are inserted, and after which they are exposed to viewfor the purpose of exhibiting the amount of the transaction registered,the combination of checks, an adding device, connections controlled bythe checks successively inserted into the machine for operating theadding device, and for releasing the cash-drawer, a no-sale keyconnected to release the cash-drawer without requiring the insertion ofa check or the operation of the adding device, and a separate registeror counter for keeping a record of the number of times the no-sale keyis operated, substantially as described.

16. In a cash-register, the combination of a cash-drawer, a no-sale keyfor releasing the cash-drawer without registering a transaction, asignal, and means for preventing thc operation of the no-sale key unlessthe signal is first set to indicate that the machine is in condition tobe operated without registering a transaction, substantially asdescribed.

17. In a cash-register, in which the transactions are registered by theinsertion of checks into the machine, the combination of a cash-drawer,a no-sale key for releasing the cash-drawer without registering atransaction, and a single locking device for locking up the machine toprevent checks from being inserted therein, and at the same time preventthe operation ol the no-sale key, substantially as described.

18. In a cash-register, the combination of checks, a check-receivingguideway, a checkcarrier for moving the checks from the position inwhich they are inserted into the Inachine to position exposing them toview, a no-sale key for opening the cash-drawer, and a controllingconnection or slide arranged to prevent the operation of the nosale keywhen set to one position, and to prevent the operation ol thecheck-carrier when set to another position, substantially as described.

19. In a cash-register, the combination ol checks, a check-receivingguideway, a sliding check-carrier for moving the checks from theposition in which they are inserted into the machine to positionexposing them to view, a no-sale key connected to open the cash-drawer,a controlling connection or slide arranged to prevent the operation ollthe no-sale key when set to one position, to prevent the operation olthe check-carrier when set to a second position, and to prevent theoperation of either of said instrumentalities when set to a thirdposition, and a lock for holding the controlling-slide in the lastnamedposition so as to prevent the machine from being operated, substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

rIIoMAsv II. BLAIR.

Vitnesses:

LOUIS WV. SoUrHGArE, PHILIP W. SOUTIIGATE.

